Chlorine

Chlorine is an element with the atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35. Its molecular formula is Cl₂ and its CAS is 7782-50-5. Chlorine is used industrially as a reagent in synthetic chemistry, for water purification, and in the production of chlorinated lime, which is used in fabric bleaching. Chlorine is also a commonly used household cleaner and disinfectant as well as an oxidizing agent in water treatment and chemical processes. According to Burridge, E; Product Profile: Chlorine. European Chemical News, 82(2146): 35 (2005), Chlorine, like its co-product caustic soda, is produced by the electrolysis of brines using mercury, membrane, or diaphragm cells. Traditionally, electrolysis has been accomplished through the mercury amalgamor diaphragm cell processes. However, the ion exchange membrane cell is assuming a growing share due to environmental and economic considerations. Mercury cells are cheaper to operate than diaphragm cells when electricity costs are low, but mercury must be removed from the effluent. European producers are favoring the diaphragm cell method and have vowed to phase out the older mercury method by 2020. 

Industrial Uses of Chlorine Include:

1. Antimicrobial Pesticide
2. Antimicrobial Pesticide – Tank Disinfection
3. Antimicrobial Pesticid- Water Treatment
4. Adhesives and sealant chemicals
5. Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
6. Bleaching agents
7. Flame retardants
8. Functional fluids (closed systems)
9. Intermediates
10. Not known or reasonably ascertainable
11. Odor agents
12. Oxidizing/reducing agents
13. Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
14. Pigments
15. Plasticizers
16. Plating agents and surface treating agents
17. Processing aids, not otherwise listed
18. Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
19. Solvents (for cleaning and degreasing)

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